![]() ![]() Gum tragacanth is another herbal gum that is used to stiffen calico and crepe, as well as hair. One popular ingredient in natural hair sprays is gum arabic, which is made from the sap of various species of the acacia tree. Some hair sprays use natural polymers and solvents like vegetable gums dissolved in alcohol. Some less common polymers found in hair spray include copolymers with vinyl acetate and copolymers with maleic anhydride. The non-water-soluble polymer polydimethylsiloxane is added to make the hold last a bit longer. One of the polymers used in hair spray is polyvinylpyrrolidone, which is water-soluble. However, when research concluded that CFCs cause destruction of stratospheric ozone, they were replaced with other solvents, such as alcohols and hydrocarbons. CFCs are nontoxic, nonflammable, and make almost ideal aerosol propellants. Originally, the solvent found in hair spray was a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). Solvents, which make up most of the content of the hairspray, are responsible for carrying these polymers in a solution. The active ingredients in hair spray are called polymers, which keep the hair stiff and firm without snapping. The product may leave hair feeling 'crunchy' unless brushed out. It sprays evenly over the hair using a pump or aerosol spray nozzle. Weaker than hair gel or hair wax, it is sprayed directly onto the hair to hold styles for long periods of time. It was first developed and manufactured in 1948 by Chase Products, based in Broadview, Illinois. Hair spray is a common household aqueous solution which is used to stiffen hair into a certain style. The stiffest will have a higher proportion of beeswax while the lightest may have a higher proportion of oils. A plethora of pomades are still in production today and vary in factors such as weight, shine, and scent. They may also contain perfume and coloring agents. Most oil based pomades contain petroleum jelly (and in fact, petroleum jelly can be used alone as a pomade) and mineral oil, and many also contain some sort of wax. ![]() Other methods of removal include the use of olive oil, dish washing liquid, and lemon juice. Grease-cutting shampoos and deep-cleansing conditioners can be used to quicken the removal process. Unlike hair spray and hair gel, pomade does not dry and often takes several washes to remove. Pomade is an oil-based or water-based product designed for slick and tight hairstyles. Mousse may also be used to add definition to curls, or to add texture to hair for a beach blown effect. Mousse is generally applied to the roots of damp hair before blow drying or styling. Hair mousse adds volume without causing clumps or buildup. It is most commonly produced as a foam, but can also be found as a spray. Hair mousse is a product added to hair for extra volume and shine. Many manufacturers are now releasing different versions of hair wax, such as pomade, putty, glue, glypto, whip, and styling paste. Unlike some products such as hair gel which leave the hair hard in texture, hair wax leaves the hair pliable. Hair wax is a thick hair styling product containing wax, which helps hold hair in place. Hair spray became very popular in the 1950s due to its ability to keep hair in place and prevent hair from falling out of a styled look. In 1948, Chase Products became the first company to package hair spray. Many years later, the same soap-like substance was used as a cleaning agent. The ancient Gauls had invented a waxy soap-like substance, similar to hair wax, as a hair styling agent. ![]() The 1980s punk movement popularized using hair gel to sculpt spiky hairstyles, such as mohawks. A fatty substance, now known as hair gel, was used to style hair and keep it in place. ![]() Hair was often styled to maintain the individuality of the deceased. For the ancient Egyptians, physical appearance was very important to the embalming process. Hairstyling products have had a significant impact on the creation of various hairstyles and trends throughout history. Hairstyle products are used to change the texture and/or shape of hair. Products used to change the texture or shape of hair ![]()
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